The 2 day reserve

mountainman
mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
I get full  sun on the panels from 8-4.
Pv watts gives 4.7 hours for Dec at 62° from horizontal.
I'ved seen 50 amps With a  780 watt array * .77~ 600 *4.7 2828 wh a day.
If the sun leaves at 4 pm and it rains 2 days thats about 64 hours on the battery.
Slightly over 2.5 days
I use ~858 wh per day.  
I did a 64 hour test ~ 2300 wh. From a 5 kwh battery
With a 2.3 kwh usage *1.2   l.A.  efficiency 2760 needed to recharge.
About what my array can  make in a day.
Does this system seem fairly balanced?

2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
 6 230ah GC @36 volts 
18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
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Comments

  • Estragon
    Estragon Registered Users Posts: 4,496 ✭✭✭✭✭
    Getting to full or nearly so after 2 days no sun in Dec sounds pretty good to me. 

    My shadows are too long and days too short now for much production.  
    Off-grid.  
    Main daytime system ~4kw panels into 2xMNClassic150 370ah 48v bank 2xOutback 3548 inverter 120v + 240v autotransformer
    Night system ~1kw panels into 1xMNClassic150 700ah 12v bank morningstar 300w inverter
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    I'm in the middle of  a 200 acre field I'm restoring a old farm house built in 1902 
    Im currently Living in a camper on solar
     propane and occasionally generator.
     Until  I get the home livable.
    From 4-5 pm Pines to the west shade the panels.
    But by 4 the sun's so low I dont think I'm missing much production.
    Im usually floating by noon any way.
    Summers at my mounting property
    Is a completely different situation
    With trees everywhere
    I get about 4 hours full sun on the panels in June.  In Dec an hour or so from 3-4
    Lots of generator time.

    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • mike_s
    mike_s Registered Users Posts: 155 ✭✭
    edited December 2019 #4

    Im usually floating by noon any way.
    Summers at my mounting property
    Is a completely different situation
    With trees everywhere
    Solar haiku (in spirit, anyway)?
  • Photowhit
    Photowhit Solar Expert Posts: 6,002 ✭✭✭✭✭
    Sounds pretty good.  

    I just did a 4 day 'test' my self. No sun the last 4 days, I  pushed about 3.5 kWhs back into my old'ish forklift  battery (8yrs old) before I hit absorb, I'll likely  reach what the charge controller considers full today. I'll need to equalize tomorrow to recover 1-2 kWhs of lost capacity.
    Home system 4000 watt (Evergreen) array standing, with 2 Midnite Classic Lites,  Midnite E-panel, Magnum MS4024, Prosine 1800(now backup) and Exeltech 1100(former backup...lol), 660 ah 24v Forklift battery(now 10 years old). Off grid for 20 years (if I include 8 months on a bicycle).
    - Assorted other systems, pieces and to many panels in the closet to not do more projects.
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    edited December 2019 #6
    Photowhit  how does your  charge controller consider the battery is full?


    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    edited December 2019 #7
    According to S.G.  My cheapo cc will go into float prematurely.
    Doesn't use end amps.  Just timed absorb. I set the absorb time to 1℅ of battery amps ~2.5 hours.
     After a couple over cast days I set float voltage to absorb ~2.47 per cell until SG rises to what I think is full.
    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • Photowhit
    Photowhit Solar Expert Posts: 6,002 ✭✭✭✭✭
    Photowhit  how does your  charge controller consider the battery is full?
    I jjust have mine set for 3  hours absorb, Midnite Classic's  can be set for end amps, I just never set it up.
    Home system 4000 watt (Evergreen) array standing, with 2 Midnite Classic Lites,  Midnite E-panel, Magnum MS4024, Prosine 1800(now backup) and Exeltech 1100(former backup...lol), 660 ah 24v Forklift battery(now 10 years old). Off grid for 20 years (if I include 8 months on a bicycle).
    - Assorted other systems, pieces and to many panels in the closet to not do more projects.
  • softdown
    softdown Solar Expert Posts: 3,812 ✭✭✭✭
    2 day reserve this time of year would be a strong battery bank. I think a lot of our members are hitting up their generator on most days. This week-end is set to be the shortest days of the year. Though a minuscule difference than present. 
    First Bank:16 180 watt Grape Solar with  FM80 controller and 3648 Inverter....Fullriver 8D AGM solar batteries. Second Bank/MacGyver Special: 10 165(?) watt BP Solar with Renogy MPPT 40A controller/ and Xantrex C-35 PWM controller/ and Morningstar PWM controller...Cotek 24V PSW inverter....forklift and diesel locomotive batteries
  • KenMorgan
    KenMorgan Registered Users Posts: 92 ✭✭
    here at fuji I have run up to 3 days with minimal  production on a 600 a/h bank.  My bank is large enough that it only brought me down to 69% so one good sunny day will bring me back up to 100% but I would like to equalize after that.  my batteries are still fairly new at so I want to take care of them....  though I have been lusting over a 2000 a/h forklift battery I discovered on alibabba...I could run a week..or two with that thing and no sun  ;)

    30kw LiFePo4 battery bank, 18 JA solar 200 watt panels, 20 sharp 200 watt panels,  morningstar controller(s) and a magnum 4448 inverter with all the usual junk that goes with it. 
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    Seems ive read that fork lift Batteries rate  a/h differently than GC. Where GC use 20 hour rate not sure about how fork lift rates there capacity. @Photowhit if you would how does a fork lift battery a/h rating compare to true deep cycle or GC. Also how do they compare dollars to kilowatt?
    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    edited December 2019 #12
    Here in nc We just had 3 days of rain and clouds with very little production. 
    Almost 90 hours on the 416 a/h GC batteries. 
    Soc around 40℅. 1.140
    In just 1 day of 40f and clear skies brought
    SG back to 1.230
    By the end of the next cloud less day SG was up to  1.265.

    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • BB.
    BB. Super Moderators, Administrators Posts: 33,431 admin
    This thread has some information... And that (at the time), several brands of Forklift batteries (appeared to) dramatically overestimate their 20 Hour capacity numbers vs their 6 Hour * Fudge Factor conversion number(s).

    https://forum.solar-electric.com/discussion/350920/forklift-batteries-publshed-capacity-vs-actual

    -Bill
    Near San Francisco California: 3.5kWatt Grid Tied Solar power system+small backup genset
  • mike95490
    mike95490 Solar Expert Posts: 9,583 ✭✭✭✭✭
    "Usually Floating by noon means nothing" when it's cloudy !


    When the sun comes out, my arrays really slam the batteries with about 60A ( 2 arrays, 2 controllers) and if I've not been keeping up with the generator, it can take 2 days to refill the 800ah bank.
        We get a couple weeks like this every year
     ( NiFe - no sulfation or stratification issues )
    Powerfab top of pole PV mount | Listeroid 6/1 w/st5 gen head | XW6048 inverter/chgr | Iota 48V/15A charger | Morningstar 60A MPPT | 48V, 800A NiFe Battery (in series)| 15, Evergreen 205w "12V" PV array on pole | Midnight ePanel | Grundfos 10 SO5-9 with 3 wire Franklin Electric motor (1/2hp 240V 1ph ) on a timer for 3 hr noontime run - Runs off PV ||
    || Midnight Classic 200 | 10, Evergreen 200w in a 160VOC array ||
    || VEC1093 12V Charger | Maha C401 aa/aaa Charger | SureSine | Sunsaver MPPT 15A

    solar: http://tinyurl.com/LMR-Solar
    gen: http://tinyurl.com/LMR-Lister ,

  • Estragon
    Estragon Registered Users Posts: 4,496 ✭✭✭✭✭
    Yep, during the 3 months of < 2hr/day average full sun equivalent around here, catching up with solar alone can't happen much.
    Off-grid.  
    Main daytime system ~4kw panels into 2xMNClassic150 370ah 48v bank 2xOutback 3548 inverter 120v + 240v autotransformer
    Night system ~1kw panels into 1xMNClassic150 700ah 12v bank morningstar 300w inverter
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    August is the only time of the year that we have rain more than 3 days in a row.
    Winters are normally sunny.
    And about every 4 years we get a snow storm. 1" or 2" .

    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • Photowhit
    Photowhit Solar Expert Posts: 6,002 ✭✭✭✭✭
    Seems ive read that fork lift Batteries rate  a/h differently than GC. Where GC use 20 hour rate not sure about how fork lift rates there capacity. @Photowhit if you would how does a fork lift battery a/h rating compare to true deep cycle or GC. Also how do they compare dollars to kilowatt?
    I'm currently  8 years in on a GB 12-85-13 rated 510ah 6hr rate 804ah  20hr rate. GB over rates these batteries in the 20hr rate. A more correct estimate would be 1.3x the 6 hr rate or around 660ah 20hr rate.

    My cost was $2525 delivered, built with 2 flags instead off cords. I've since seen someone have all flags so they could  pull cells for easier moving.

    These are certainly true deep cycle batteries. I've once went 13 days with 1 hour of direct sunlight, I figured they were drawn  down  to 20% SOC or worse the last couple days. This was fall 3-4 years ago. I brought up and equalized ass I could, I don't  run a generator  (personal choice)

     I likely damaged them a bit. I  had one cell poisoned early, but it was always  one of the  highest SG for a couple years later it became the weakest cell. My guess is the battery would tests out about 80% of new, mostly due to bad cell. Went 4 cloudy/minimal days this year and dropped minimal load voltage to @22.5.  I equalized it out and it continues to do well.

    Expect/hope to make it 12 years,  but I backed off my cost estimates to a 10 year life. 3 strings of 6 volt GC batteries would have a similar capacity. with a cost of around $1200 delivered. Total cost might be similar, though I'm happy with the forklift battery and would replace  it for the ease of inspecting electrolyte and higher potential life. I would extend my absorption rate earlier (went 4 years with 1-1.5  hour absorb) and I have nearly no threat off poisoning/messing with my system. Unless  lithium batteries have a dramatic reduction, I'll  replace this  battery in a few years when it dies.
    Home system 4000 watt (Evergreen) array standing, with 2 Midnite Classic Lites,  Midnite E-panel, Magnum MS4024, Prosine 1800(now backup) and Exeltech 1100(former backup...lol), 660 ah 24v Forklift battery(now 10 years old). Off grid for 20 years (if I include 8 months on a bicycle).
    - Assorted other systems, pieces and to many panels in the closet to not do more projects.
  • DanS26
    DanS26 Solar Expert Posts: 264 ✭✭✭
    mike95490 said:
    "Usually Floating by noon means nothing" when it's cloudy !


    When the sun comes out, my arrays really slam the batteries with about 60A ( 2 arrays, 2 controllers) and if I've not been keeping up with the generator, it can take 2 days to refill the 800ah bank.
        We get a couple weeks like this every year
     ( NiFe - no sulfation or stratification issues )
    Mike....where are you getting this weather chart?
    23.16kW Kyocera panels; 2 Fronius 7.5kW inverters; Nyle hot water; Steffes ETS; Great Lakes RO; Generac 10kW w/ATS, TED Pro System monitoring
  • mike95490
    mike95490 Solar Expert Posts: 9,583 ✭✭✭✭✭
    I use Weather Underground.   Sadly, they got bought out recently and have ruined their android app, and screwed up my 12 year long ad free subscription.   their web / browser chart still mostly works well.

    Powerfab top of pole PV mount | Listeroid 6/1 w/st5 gen head | XW6048 inverter/chgr | Iota 48V/15A charger | Morningstar 60A MPPT | 48V, 800A NiFe Battery (in series)| 15, Evergreen 205w "12V" PV array on pole | Midnight ePanel | Grundfos 10 SO5-9 with 3 wire Franklin Electric motor (1/2hp 240V 1ph ) on a timer for 3 hr noontime run - Runs off PV ||
    || Midnight Classic 200 | 10, Evergreen 200w in a 160VOC array ||
    || VEC1093 12V Charger | Maha C401 aa/aaa Charger | SureSine | Sunsaver MPPT 15A

    solar: http://tinyurl.com/LMR-Solar
    gen: http://tinyurl.com/LMR-Lister ,

  • softdown
    softdown Solar Expert Posts: 3,812 ✭✭✭✭
    Seems ive read that fork lift Batteries rate  a/h differently than GC. Where GC use 20 hour rate not sure about how fork lift rates there capacity. @Photowhit if you would how does a fork lift battery a/h rating compare to true deep cycle or GC. Also how do they compare dollars to kilowatt?
    It can be impossible to safely install an ~ 2000 pound block of lead in a good location. Then it has to be removed at the end of its life. Especially the relatively tall and skinny 24 volt configurations. I moved mine through ice and sand because I had to. It fell over twice, I jumped in the right direction twice. Not planning to move it again. I see that as a big drawback with the major forklift batteries. 

    On the other hand, no expensive cabling is required. But they certainly use a lot more water than typical batteries. I would be willing to work with ~1000 pound batteries inside of a house with no staircase challenge. Not a lot more than that. 
    First Bank:16 180 watt Grape Solar with  FM80 controller and 3648 Inverter....Fullriver 8D AGM solar batteries. Second Bank/MacGyver Special: 10 165(?) watt BP Solar with Renogy MPPT 40A controller/ and Xantrex C-35 PWM controller/ and Morningstar PWM controller...Cotek 24V PSW inverter....forklift and diesel locomotive batteries
  • mcnutt13579
    mcnutt13579 Registered Users Posts: 111 ✭✭✭
    I have said it before and I will say it again.  Energy storage does not belong anywhere near a house.  You would not put a propane tank in a house, do not put a battery in a house.

    Assuming you have a shed with a solid concrete floor.  Rent a machine/hire a crew to move it once every 10-15 years.  Easy and done.  Industrial batteries are way better than anything you can move by hand.
  • softdown
    softdown Solar Expert Posts: 3,812 ✭✭✭✭
    I have said it before and I will say it again.  Energy storage does not belong anywhere near a house.  You would not put a propane tank in a house, do not put a battery in a house.

    Assuming you have a shed with a solid concrete floor.  Rent a machine/hire a crew to move it once every 10-15 years.  Easy and done.  Industrial batteries are way better than anything you can move by hand.
    I think almost every regular poster may take issue with that assessment. Safe to assume that your car battery and fuel tank are procured in a trailer that follows at a safe distance? 
    First Bank:16 180 watt Grape Solar with  FM80 controller and 3648 Inverter....Fullriver 8D AGM solar batteries. Second Bank/MacGyver Special: 10 165(?) watt BP Solar with Renogy MPPT 40A controller/ and Xantrex C-35 PWM controller/ and Morningstar PWM controller...Cotek 24V PSW inverter....forklift and diesel locomotive batteries
  • BB.
    BB. Super Moderators, Administrators Posts: 33,431 admin
    edited December 2019 #23
    Energy storage is also a matter of materials and scale...

    A single car battery is 1/10th the size/weight/energy storage of a typical off grid battery bank.

    Gasoline/diesel are liquid at room temperature and if there is no oxygen/air with the fuel, it is much less likely to cause issues. Plus it is easier (in general) to suppress gasoline/liquid fires vs propane/LNG/etc. fires. And again scale. 100's of gallons of propane vs 10-20 gallons of gasoline. Plus when propane tanks get hot/overfilled, they can vent.

    Propane tends to settle (heavier than air) vs natural gas which does not (lighter than air) (gasoline fues are heavier than air too--But garages are generally above grade and are vented--And newer regulations require dryers+water heaters to be elevated to reduce the chances of fire/explosion, and newest water heaters that use metal screens to prevent flashovers).

    Add the issues of electric cars, and their battery failures (again, many times more energy than a car starting battery). And the in ability to make a failed/failing battery safe short of storing the whole car in a tank of water to lessen the chances of re-ignition.

    Issues of Li Ion chemistry cells and the possible hydrofluoric acid fumes from a failing Li Ion battery, the level of toxicity is many times higher than getting sulfuric acid based electrolyte on your skin/breathing the fumes.

    Not saying that 20 gallons of gasoline and a battery in a car, stored in a garage, is entirely safe (there are many house/garage fires involving said cars)... Just be aware of the risks and do what you can to minimize them (both for safety, and cost of failures/rebuilding).

    -Bill
    Near San Francisco California: 3.5kWatt Grid Tied Solar power system+small backup genset
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    Comparing 2 strings of 4 top quality 330 a/h  l16 Batteries for a 24 volt system. Wouldn't the price per kw be about the same?
     Without the mobility issues.  Or would the forklift battery last longer. Making it more cost wise.


    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • softdown
    softdown Solar Expert Posts: 3,812 ✭✭✭✭
    BB - you seem to be referring to propane when mcnutt was admonishing us not to have solar batteries in the house. mcnutt13579 said:
    I have said it before and I will say it again.  Energy storage does not belong anywhere near a house.  You would not put a propane tank in a house, do not put a battery in a house.

    My Denver home has natural gas piping connected to an unlimited supply. As do most cold weather homes. Even in N. Carolina we had  a large container of heating oil/diesel next to the house. As did nearly everyone else with an older home. 

    Its all good though. The important thing these days is to identify as safe from hazardous materials - which are literally everywhere. Got a lithium battery sitting on my lap right now. With electricity going to it. Shiver me timbers. 
    First Bank:16 180 watt Grape Solar with  FM80 controller and 3648 Inverter....Fullriver 8D AGM solar batteries. Second Bank/MacGyver Special: 10 165(?) watt BP Solar with Renogy MPPT 40A controller/ and Xantrex C-35 PWM controller/ and Morningstar PWM controller...Cotek 24V PSW inverter....forklift and diesel locomotive batteries
  • softdown
    softdown Solar Expert Posts: 3,812 ✭✭✭✭
    Comparing 2 strings of 4 top quality 330 a/h  l16 Batteries for a 24 volt system. Wouldn't the price per kw be about the same?
     Without the mobility issues.  Or would the forklift battery last longer. Making it more cost wise.


    Seems that forklift batteries tend to claim to last longer. None of us has deciphered the magical pixie dust they would use to attain that achievement. Though it is clear that a 2000 pound FLA battery will tend to outperform 1400 pounds of FLA batteries. 
    First Bank:16 180 watt Grape Solar with  FM80 controller and 3648 Inverter....Fullriver 8D AGM solar batteries. Second Bank/MacGyver Special: 10 165(?) watt BP Solar with Renogy MPPT 40A controller/ and Xantrex C-35 PWM controller/ and Morningstar PWM controller...Cotek 24V PSW inverter....forklift and diesel locomotive batteries
  • BB.
    BB. Super Moderators, Administrators Posts: 33,431 admin
    In theory, good quality forklift batteries should last 15+ years. Downside is weight, they need more solar (higher self discharge, suggest at least 13% rate of charge vs 10% minimum for FLA batteries), and they use more distilled water and seem to have less room for electrolyte (you may have to check/add water more often over the life of the batteries).

    Some forklift batteries, you can change out a bad 2 volt cell--So that can be nice, if needed.

    Past this point, I will let others with much more experience than I add to the thread.

    -Bill
    Near San Francisco California: 3.5kWatt Grid Tied Solar power system+small backup genset
  • mountainman
    mountainman Registered Users Posts: 439 ✭✭
    Changing out a cell would be adding new to old. Doesn't the rules apply to lift Batteries
    The same as Gc or floor sweeper Batteries?

    2kw array 6 345 q cells  make sky blue 60 cc
     6 230ah GC @36 volts 
    18 amp accusense charger. 3650 champion 
  • BB.
    BB. Super Moderators, Administrators Posts: 33,431 admin
    Yep... But changing 1x 2 volt cell and leaving the other 11 (if 24 volts or 23 cells for a 48 volt battery) is probably a better "risk/reward" vs changing out 6 or 12 volt batteries (larger percentage of bank "replaced"). 

    We had one member from Hawaii here that was buying up used 36 VDC batteries (18 cells). And he would wire around the bad cells and make it a 24 volt battery out of the remaining good cells (and he could use any of the other 2 volt cells that still may be good later if he found another bad one).

    Overall, he was very happy with the results. We have not heard from Adas in about a decade, but you can look through his posts for further information:

    https://forum.solar-electric.com/profile/adas
    https://forum.solar-electric.com/profile/discussions/adas
    https://forum.solar-electric.com/profile/comments/adas

    -Bill
    Near San Francisco California: 3.5kWatt Grid Tied Solar power system+small backup genset
  • softdown
    softdown Solar Expert Posts: 3,812 ✭✭✭✭
    Changing out a cell would be adding new to old. Doesn't the rules apply to lift Batteries
    The same as Gc or floor sweeper Batteries?

    I'm kind of known for "independent views" - I think that "rule" is solid gold for battery sellers and installers. Perhaps fine for people with tons of disposable income and no hobbies to support. I'd also bet our government does it a lot - almost anything to drive up the debt. Actually I know that - my brother does maintenance for the government. He hates the fact that so many of his co-workers never fix anything. They just replace everything. Pretty easy to plug in new stuff and unplug old stuff. 

    Replacing entire units instead of fixing bad parts? Your choice amigo. Others will disagree of course. We have plenty of the aformentioned bouncing around. 

    Solar batteries are very frequently killed by one bad cell. That has been the case with every single one of the five batteries I have had to replace. According to this pearl of wisdom, I would have replaced eight batteries, instead of one, a total of five times. I would consequently now be moving back to the grid "teet". 

    Sure they were not the best solar batteries at all. Last I checked not everyone drives a Toyota or Honda with manual trannie or a Ford truck(I have five by the way). Lots of people "invest" in the wrong item. Especially the first time. 
    First Bank:16 180 watt Grape Solar with  FM80 controller and 3648 Inverter....Fullriver 8D AGM solar batteries. Second Bank/MacGyver Special: 10 165(?) watt BP Solar with Renogy MPPT 40A controller/ and Xantrex C-35 PWM controller/ and Morningstar PWM controller...Cotek 24V PSW inverter....forklift and diesel locomotive batteries
  • Photowhit
    Photowhit Solar Expert Posts: 6,002 ✭✭✭✭✭
    edited January 2020 #31
    Changing out a cell would be adding new to old. Doesn't the rules apply to lift Batteries
    The same as Gc or floor sweeper Batteries?
    I think in general it does follow that 'rule'. Like I said  in my long reply, I have a poisoned cell. I know it's what 'bottoms out' and reduces the batteries capacity.  Likely some jerk poured a can of beer in it, or something, back when I worked security.

    If it was simple to replace I  would have years back, it happened in the first year of the batteries life, though didn't effect it's  SG until later. Because  of  this I was very interested when I saw a forklift battery made with flags on each cell. This would make moving the battery much  easier and replacing a cell easier.  

    As  is, I would have to have someone drive out from St. Louis to 'pull' the bad cell and replace, The cost would be prohibitive. I may 'play' with this battery one it is replaced and try to chemically clean the plates and replace the electrolyte. I've been to OBS(?) in St  Louis and watched their operation of rejuvenating forklift batteries.

    I only expect 5-8 years out of L -16 batteries. Some better batteries you might expect 10, Rolls Trojan. Like I said I only expect about 15 years normally from a forklift battery, I'm 8 in and content that I'm good for many  more even as is... having 2 sets of L16 would be more hassle to check and water  as well.

    Home system 4000 watt (Evergreen) array standing, with 2 Midnite Classic Lites,  Midnite E-panel, Magnum MS4024, Prosine 1800(now backup) and Exeltech 1100(former backup...lol), 660 ah 24v Forklift battery(now 10 years old). Off grid for 20 years (if I include 8 months on a bicycle).
    - Assorted other systems, pieces and to many panels in the closet to not do more projects.