Newbie looking to setup system of Solar-powered landscaping & Security Lights

Hello everyone!

My name is Mike and I am a new homeowner in norther NJ. I'm a pretty handy guy around the home, especially with renovation and woodworking, but I have to admit that I know very little about electricity and even less about solar. So I am very pleased to have found this forum.

I'm sure this topic may have been discussed here before and although I have read through the some threads on solar basics, I apologize if I haven't delved deep enough to locate what I'm looking for.

I am also sure that in order for me to receive the information I am looking for, I probably need to give specifics about needed output, device specifics, and such. But again, as a newbie and not knowing where to begin, I don't have that information. I am hoping that explaining my general "wants" will be good enough. So please excuse my ignorance.

As the topic title explains, I would like to set up a self contained solar system that powers approximately 20 to 25 low voltage LED pathway/accent lights, 4 higher output post-top LED lanterns or sconces, 8 - 10 small LED landscaping spotlights (the kind for back-lighting shrubs and small trees), 6 higher-output motion activated security LED spotlights, and possibly 2 or so high-output LED Patio/Room Work lights.

Not knowing much about it, I am assuming the path lights will be set up in series, as will some pairs of the others, but on different runs.

I would like for the path lights, backlighting, and lanterns/sconces to be able to illuminate dusk to dawn. Obviously the security lights and patio lights would be used as needed, but I would like the patio lights to last all night in case I throw an occasional "all-nighter" [smile]

So the big question is how would I go about this and what equipment will I need. I'd greatly appreciate anyone's recommendation on specific equipment and how to put/run it all together.

I'm sure I didn't mention plenty of other information on my requirements would be helpful. This is most likely due to the combination of me not having a clue of what is involved and I just didn't think of it, but I may be able to provide further simple generic information if needed.

Lastly, I know they have plenty of these lighting fixtures that have their own little solar panels and don't require anything else other than sticking them in the ground and making sure the panels get the necessary sun exposure. The problem I have is that most of my property is covered by municipal shade trees that I cannot touch or is in pretty much constant shade either from my home itself or the neighbor's trees. So getting sunlight exactly where I need to place the fixtures is impossible. I do however have a small 10' x 10' low-pitched (almost flat) house-addition roof that receives sun most of the day that is essentially located at the center of the property. From that roof the various lighting would be anywhere from 10' to 100' away. Also, as probably with most people nowadays, I'm on a rather tight budget (being out of work for the first time in 20 years). But I also know buying inferior equipment is just going to cost me more in the long run. So I would prefer purchase and install decent-quality equipment without going broke (if that isn't a pipe dream).

Again, thank you all in advance...and thank your for putting up with my ignorance of this topic.

Mike

Comments

  • solar_dave
    solar_dave Solar Expert Posts: 2,397 ✭✭✭✭
    Re: Newbie looking to setup system of Solar-powered landscaping & Security Lights

    Go find some 12V fixtures you like and look at the wattage rating and then come back with a load profile.
  • BB.
    BB. Super Moderators, Administrators Posts: 33,642 admin
    Re: Newbie looking to setup system of Solar-powered landscaping & Security Lights

    Conservation is going to be your friend... LED lights (no filament), use low wattage whenever possible.

    A bit of human engineering--The human eye barely decide the difference between on light and a second that is 2x higher wattage (or 1/2 wattage). So, if you have the choice between a 2 watt and a 4 watt lamp, choose the 2 watt--Nobody will see the difference.

    If you need a larger light (area light, spot lamp from a distance, etc.), then a lamp 10x larger will overwhelm any of the smaller lamps (don't bother mixing 2 watt and 20 watt lamps lighting the same area, the 2 watt lamps will be lost in the light spill of the larger lamps).

    And--Start with getting a few different types of lamps from different vendors. Experiment with how much light and where you want to install it.

    For security, I really prefer motion controlled lighting. Nothing like attracting attention becomes several bright lights just flashed on (and you don't have fixed lighting show people were you keep the good stuff). Plus the energy conservation of not having lights on 12 hours overnight.

    You may even want to experiment with 120 VAC vs 12/24 VDC lamps. If you are sending a fair amount of power longer distances, many times, the cost of an AC inverter and better cabling will make up for the cost of copper of the 12 VDC lamps (1/10th the current and 10x the allowed voltage drop--1/100th the amount of copper needed).

    You should get a few tools too to help you measure/estimate your loads:

    DC/AC Current Clamp Digital multi-meter
    Kill-a-Watt type meter for 120 VAC power measurement
    DC Amp*Hour/Watt*Hour type meter

    If you have grid power--It will, over the long term, be cheaper and more reliable for extensive landscape lighting.

    However, if you want to still try landscape lights, more than happy to help. But Dave says--You really need a good idea of how much power you need to run the system... Also, need to know by season--If you want to run overnight during long nights of winter--That can be a real problem. Short summer nights with lots of sun is much easier for a "reliable" security lighting system.

    -Bill
    Near San Francisco California: 3.5kWatt Grid Tied Solar power system+small backup genset
  • Ks Solar
    Ks Solar Solar Expert Posts: 47 ✭✭
    Re: Newbie looking to setup system of Solar-powered landscaping & Security Lights

    Hi, New here-my first post. Not sure if I can post pics yet. I have been building a small system for a few months. I started with a solarword 130 watt 12 v panel $200.00 and a Sunlight-10 charge controller $90.00. I like the controller because it has a built in timer for loads. I run all my yard lights dusk to dawn . I am using a battery I swiped from my camper for now. I am in the sign business so I modded all fixtures with led modules made for channel letters. Even my 120v fixtures now have leds. Mine is a very low buck setup. Sounds like you may want to double or maybe triple the size of your system. I am only pulling maybe 35 watts all night right now and I just reached the limit of my small auto battery. It was the cheapest battery I could get at Walmart to run lights in my camper. It goes into LVD at about 4 am now . I plan to purchase a larger deep cycle next.
  • Ks Solar
    Ks Solar Solar Expert Posts: 47 ✭✭
    Re: Newbie looking to setup system of Solar-powered landscaping & Security Lights
    Ks Solar wrote: »
    Hi, New here-my first post. Not sure if I can post pics yet. I have been building a small system for a few months. I started with a solarword 130 watt 12 v panel $200.00 and a Sunlight-10 charge controller $90.00. I like the controller because it has a built in timer for loads. I run all my yard lights dusk to dawn . I am using a battery I swiped from my camper for now. I am in the sign business so I modded all fixtures with led modules made for channel letters. Even my 120v fixtures now have leds. Mine is a very low buck setup. Sounds like you may want to double or maybe triple the size of your system. I am only pulling maybe 35 watts all night right now and I just reached the limit of my small auto battery. It was the cheapest battery I could get at Walmart to run lights in my camper. It goes into LVD at about 4 am now . I plan to purchase a larger deep cycle next.

    Update: I modded the last 3 incandescent fixtures to LED at the end of my longest run. I dropped about 12 watts and now it runs all night again..:)
  • jcheil
    jcheil Solar Expert Posts: 722 ✭✭✭
    Re: Newbie looking to setup system of Solar-powered landscaping & Security Lights

    There are plenty of residential landscape lighting packages out there that have their own (single) battery and solar panel and then you run LV wire to all the lights. They have been around for a long time. Not sure why you would want to "build" your own rather than just getting one that is already tried and tested and ready to go. Maybe it's cheaper or maybe you just like projects (as I do).

    But ironically, I need to do the same thing (walkway lighting) and have not decided if I am going to tie it into my existing solar or just buy the stand-alone pre-built package(s).
    Off-Grid in Central Florida since 2005, Full-Time since June 2014 | 12 X Sovello 205w panels, 9 X ToPoint 220w panels, 36x ToPoint 225w panels (12,525 watts total) | Custom built single-axis ground mounts | Complete FP2 Outback System: 3 x FM80, 2 x VFX3648, X240 Transformer, FLEXnet-DC, Mate-3, Hub-10, FW500 AC/DC | 24 x Trojan L16RE-B Batteries 1110ah @ 48v | Honda EU7000is Generator and a pile of "other" Generators | Home-Made PVC solar hot water collector | Custom data logging software http://www.somewhatcrookedcamp.com/monitormate.html